High and Low Estrogen Levels in Men: Identifying Symptoms and Beyond

High and Low Estrogen Levels in Men: Identifying Symptoms and Beyond

High and Low Estrogen Levels in Men: Symptoms and Treatment

Men, like women, produce estrogen, a crucial sex hormone. However, females typically have higher estrogen levels than males. Imbalances in estrogen levels can lead to various health issues in men.

Symptoms of High Estrogen in Men

High estrogen levels can cause symptoms directly from estrogen receptor overstimulation or indirectly by suppressing testosterone production. Common symptoms include breast tenderness or enlargement (gynecomastia), feeling bloated or water retention, increased emotional sensitivity or labile emotions, erectile dysfunction, fatigue and low energy, soft musculature, loss of muscle tone, difficulty building muscle, female-pattern fat distribution, urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate, weight gain, especially abdominal fat, irritability, and hair loss. These symptoms can be due to low testosterone effects linked to high estrogen [1].

Symptoms of Low Estrogen in Men

Low estrogen shares some symptoms with low testosterone, including fatigue, reduced libido, and mood changes. More specific symptoms to estrogen deficiency include hot flashes and night sweats, accelerated bone loss (increasing osteoporosis risk), joint pain and stiffness, cognitive difficulties such as memory problems and trouble concentrating, and increased injury risk during exercise.

Treatment Options for High Estrogen

Treatment for high estrogen levels aims to normalize estrogen either by reducing excess or supplementing deficiency. This can be achieved by addressing underlying causes, adjusting testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) doses, adding aromatase inhibitors, making lifestyle changes like diet and exercise, and medical treatments targeting hormonal balance [1][2].

Treatment Options for Low Estrogen

Treatment for low estrogen levels involves correcting underlying issues, optimizing testosterone levels, and in some cases, estrogen replacement therapy or modifying TRT. Monitoring with accurate estrogen testing is essential to guide therapy [3].

It's important to note that testing for both estrogen and testosterone levels is crucial for diagnosis, especially because symptoms of estrogen imbalance overlap with those of testosterone issues. Management focuses on restoring hormonal balance to alleviate symptoms such as sexual dysfunction, mood changes, fatigue, and physical changes.

In Summary

High estrogen in men commonly causes gynecomastia, emotional changes, erectile dysfunction, and fat redistribution, while low estrogen leads to hot flashes, bone loss, joint pain, and cognitive symptoms. A person who experiences symptoms of high or low estrogen levels should speak with their doctor. A healthy estrogen level for a male falls between 10 to 50 picograms per milliliter (pg/mL), but this can vary depending on age and health history. High levels of estrogen in males may be associated with aromatase excess syndrome and alcohol use disorder. The ovaries, testes, fat cells, and adrenal glands produce estrogen in both males and females. Estradiol, one of the three types of estrogen, regulates sex drive, achieves erections, produces sperm, and maintains testicular function in males.

[1] Mayo Clinic. (2021). Gynecomastia. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gynecomastia/symptoms-causes/syc-20375301

[2] Harvard Health Publishing. (2019). Testosterone therapy: Is it safe? Retrieved from https://www.health.harvard.edu/mens-health/testosterone-therapy-is-it-safe

[3] American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. (2018). AACE Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hypogonadism in Men. Retrieved from https://www.aace.com/files/aace-clinical-practice-guidelines-for-the-diagnosis-evaluation-and-treatment-of-hypogonadism-in-men/

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